Faktor- Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Seks Pranikah pada Remaja Berdasarkan Teori Health Belief Model (HBM): Studi Literatur 2013-2025

Syifa Aprilia Azzahra; Luqman Effendi

doi:10.61132/vitamin.v4i1.2024

Authors

Syifa Aprilia Azzahra Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
Luqman Effendi Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61132/vitamin.v4i1.2024

Keywords:

Adolescents, Health Belief Model, Health Promotion, Premarital Sex, Reproductive Health

Abstract

Premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is a public health issue influenced by various individual, social, and environmental factors. Changes in social norms, technological advancements, and limited reproductive health knowledge make adolescents a group vulnerable to risky sexual behavior. This study aims to examine the factors influencing premarital sexual behavior among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) approach. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), review national and international scientific articles published between 2013 and 2025. Data sources were abtained from Google Scholar and ScienceDirect, with inclusion criteria including articles in Indonesia and English, open access, full text, and relevant to HBM components. The study result indicate that factors such as perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and the quality of information play an important role in shaping adolescent sexual behavior. Low knowledge and limited perception oh the negative impacts of premarital sex increase the risk of engaging in risky sexual behavior. In addition, health promotion interventions based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) have been proven effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors regarding premarital sex among adolescents. Therefore, the HBM approach is recommended as a basis for developing comprehensive and sustainable adolescent reproductive health education and promotion programs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Ciptiasrini, U., Novita, A., & Hanifa, F. (2022). Edukasi health coaching terhadap pengetahuan menggunakan pendekatan Health Belief Model dalam pemberian edukasi seksual remaja awal tahun 2022. SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 1(3), 856–861. https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v1i3.297

Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K. (2015). Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice (5th ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Harahap, N., Hadi, A., & Ahmad, H. (2024). Efektivitas pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan pendekatan Health Belief Model (HBM) terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja di MTSN 3 Padangsidimpuan. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 7(2), 463–471. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v7i2.4944

Janz, N. K., & Becker, M. H. (1984). The health belief model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 11(1), 1–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019818401100101

Khodijah, S. N., Febrinia, A. F. R., & Nugroho, R. M. (2019). Perilaku seksual remaja SMPN 3 Arjasa: Hubungan antara motivasi untuk menghindari hubungan seks pranikah. Jurnal KSM Eka Prasetya Universitas Indonesia, 1(7), 1–13.

Kustin, K., & Handayani, Y. (2024). Health Belief Model tentang upaya pencegahan perilaku seks bebas pada remaja. ARTERI: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 5(3), 40–47. https://doi.org/10.37148/arteri.v5i3.406

Maulana, T. N. (2022). Analisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja berbasis theory health belief model di SMA Negeri 10 Surabaya (Skripsi).

Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403

Santelli, J. S., Kantor, L. M., Grilo, S. A., Speizer, I. S., Lindberg, L. D., Heitel, J., … Ott, M. A. (2017). Abstinence-only-until-marriage policies and programs: An updated review. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61(3), 273–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.05.031

Santoso, L. H., & Sulistyowati, M. (2024). Determinan perilaku seks pranikah remaja berdasarkan teori Health Belief Model (HBM). Media Gizi Kesmas, 13(2), 810–815. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v13i2.2024.810-815

Tarihoran, M. R., Nugrahaeni, D. K., Suhat, Mauliku, N. E., & Hendayani, S. N. E. (2025). Analisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual berisiko pada remaja. INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 4(3), 462–475. https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v4i3.5135

Tuti Suryani, & Sudirman, N. H. (2023). Faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku kesehatan remaja. Pena Nursing, 1(2), 40–47.

Van de Bongardt, D., Reitz, E., & Deković, M. (2015). Indirect over-time relations between parenting styles and adolescents’ sexual behaviors: The role of self-control. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(3), 636–648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0202-9

Yusi Sofiyah, S. C. (2025). One-group pretest–posttest design dalam pendidikan kesehatan remaja. Jurnal Keperawatan ‘Aisyiyah, 12(1), 69–76.